Can Lasting Peace be Achieved Through Power or Positive Motivation?

In the quest for lasting peace and security, humanity has long debated the efficacy of relying on military power versus fostering positive cooperation and motivation. This article explores both perspectives, drawing from historical examples and contemporary perspectives.

Historical Perspectives on Power and Peace

Throughout history, the predominant approach to achieving peace seems to be rooted in the use of military force, as evidenced by the pivotal role of such forces as the Roman Legions and Cold War deterrence. The reasoning behind this approach is based on the belief that the only true way to achieve a lasting peace is by holding the might to impose and enforce norms and boundaries. The following historical examples support this view:

The Role of Military Force in Peacekeeping

The Cold War period, characterized by the intense rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, exemplified the necessity of military deterrence. Both superpowers, through their vast arsenals and nuclear capabilities, maintained a balance of power that prevented a direct military confrontation between them. This balance of power was enforced by the threat of mutual annihilation, known as mutually assured destruction (MAD). The willingness to use force was instrumental in deterring the Soviet Union from aggressive expansionism, thereby ensuring a relatively stable international order.

The Failure of Diplomatic Merits in the Pre-Military Age

A contrast can be drawn from the pre-military world, such as the pre-World War II era. In 1939, the French and British considered the Nazis to have superior military capabilities but were unwilling to employ them offensively. Instead, they relied on treaties and alliances to curb Hitler's expansionism. This approach proved to be ineffective, leading to the eventual outbreak of World War II. Similarly, the reliance on treaties without the backing of military enforcement has historically proven to be insufficient.

The Limitations of Power in Ensuring Lasting Peace

While military force can provide temporary stability, its limitations in fostering a long-term peaceful society are evident. As historical cases like the Roman Empire demonstrate, reliance solely on power to enforce peace is inherently unstable. Over time, internal conflicts, weakened military discipline, and the dependence on foreign mercenaries can erode the foundational strength on which peace rests.

The Roman Empire as a Case Study

The Pax Romana, a period of relative peace in the Roman Empire, is often celebrated as a positive example of peace maintained by military might. However, this period was fraught with civil wars and internal strife. As Rome's ability to project power waned due to persistent conflicts and the weakening of its military, its rule became increasingly unstable. The eventual reliance on foreign mercenaries to maintain order was a sign of the empire's decline, leading to the ultimate collapse of the Roman Empire.

The Power of Positive Motivation

While historical examples might highlight the importance of power in maintaining peace, modern perspectives suggest that lasting peace may be more effectively achieved through positive motivation, education, and interdependent collaboration. This approach aims to foster a shared sense of interconnectedness and mutual benefit, rather than relying on the fear of retribution.

Education and Positive Motivation

Integral upbringing, as advocated by various scholars, seeks to instill in individuals the understanding that their survival is intrinsically linked to the well-being of others. By educating people on the necessity of positive interconnections, societies can move towards a more harmonious and sustainable peaceful state. This approach is based on the recognition that human beings, regardless of their background, share a common survival need within an interconnected global system.

Conclusion

The path to lasting peace is multifaceted and includes both the strategic use of power and the cultivation of positive motivation. While military force can prevent conflicts and maintain order, it is the long-term commitment to fostering mutual cooperation and understanding that ensures a truly sustainable and lasting peace. As societies continue to evolve, a balanced approach that combines both power and positive motivation will be essential in achieving enduring peace and security worldwide.

Keywords

Keywords: lasting peace, power force, positive motivation