Naming Regulations in France: From Restricted Lists to Modern Flexibility

In every country, there are often specific regulations surrounding the naming of children. France, like many others, once had a strict system that required parents to choose names from a predefined list of approved names. However, changes in legislation have brought about a more liberal approach to naming practices, reflecting a broader acceptance of personal choice. This article explores the evolution of naming regulations in France and the factors that have influenced these changes.

The Origins of Restricted Naming Lists

Until 1993, the French government mandated that all given names for newborns had to be approved. This requirement stemmed from a law enacted in 1803, which aimed to prevent inappropriate or potentially harmful names. The initial law, designed to prevent naming children after concepts or foreign figures that might be deemed disruptive, enforced a more controlled naming tradition. Here, names had to be in the calendar and derived from saints or historical figures.

The Revolutionary calendar, which celebrated saints and other significant figures, provided a wide range of approved names. However, exceptions existed. For instance, Lazare Carnot, a prominent historical figure, named his son Sadi after an Iranian poet, and this was considered entirely acceptable. The law was strict about naming practices, ensuring that children were named after relevant and respectable figures, which was in line with Napoleonic values.

The Transition to Greater Freedom

The system began to change in 1993, when a new law was passed, granting parents more freedom in choosing names for their children. This shift marked a move towards a more liberal approach to personal choice. While names still had to be reviewed by a judge if they were deemed unusual or potentially harmful, parents were no longer strictly limited to a predefined list of approved names. The law acknowledged the diversity of French society and the growing acceptance of diverse naming practices.

Controversial Cases and Public Debate

Despite the legal changes, naming practices in France have continued to be a topic of public debate. One notable case involved Nils Tavernier, the son of famous filmmakers Bertrand and Colo Tavernier. Nils’ parents had to file a petition to allow him to keep the name Nils, as it was not considered French. This case highlighted the issue of non-French names and the challenges they can present in a predominantly French-speaking society.

The law was further challenged by controversial statements made during a television debate. Eric Zemmour, a "controversial" presidential candidate, suggested that certain names like Hapsatou and Mohammed were unsuitable for French children, recommending names like Corrine instead. This debate brought up questions about identity and naming practices in France.

The example of Eric Zemmour reflects ongoing concerns about identity and naming norms. His suggestions have sparked further discussions about whether the 1803 law should be reinstated. This law, which required names to be from a specific list and from historical or religious figures, has been a source of debate and evolution over the years.

Conclusion: A More Flexible and Accepting Approach

The evolution of naming regulations in France illustrates the changing social and cultural landscape of the country. While the initial law aimed to ensure that children were named after respectable figures, the current approach allows for greater personal choice. This flexibility reflects the diverse and dynamic nature of modern French society. As the debate continues, one thing is clear: the right to choose a child's name remains an important aspect of personal identity and freedom.